旧路改建工程设计

结合莞惠公路改建工程的设计经验,介绍改建公路设计时技术标准的应用,道路中线及路面结构的选择,阐述了如何进行加固和接长桥涵验算设计。     

列车运行数字仿真及其在技术标准优化建模中的应用

本文详细论述了列车运行数字仿真模型和基于仿真计算结果的运营指标的建模方法，并给出了仿真逄例也结果分析，以列车运行数字仿真的计算结果作为建模的基础数据具有一致性和可比性强，模型可靠且精度高的特点。本研究为铁路主要技术标准综合优化的推广使用奠定了必要的基础，具有广阔的应用前景。     

雅万高铁技术标准研究

结合印尼雅万高铁项目,对我国高速铁路技术标准"走出去"进行了适应性研究。从自然条件、社会因素和技术水平等方面分析雅万高铁技术标准选择的影响因素,对主要技术标准以及线路、轨道、地质、路基、桥梁、隧道等专业技术标准进行了适应性研究,提出适合雅万高铁条件的技术标准建议。研究成果为雅万高铁的建设提供了支撑,为我国高速铁路标准的进一步优化完善提供了参考,为其他"走出去"项目提供了借鉴。     

高速铁路客车噪声标准分析与降噪方案

分析了目前国内外高速铁路客车主流噪声标准、评价指标及各自的侧重点,将国内各噪声指标限值与国际相应噪声限值进行比较,指出了我国高速铁路客车降噪技术的进展与不足。同时,以中外标准比较为依据,从设计角度提出我国高速铁路客车降噪的主要发展方向,分析相关重点与难点,给出了降噪设计方案。     

我国铁路工程建设标准国际化措施研究

在国家"一带一路"倡议下,铁路海外工程项目日益增多,铁路工程建设标准国际化工作愈发重要。通过分析铁路工程建设标准国际化所遇到的发展不均衡、兼容互通性不足、宣传力度不够和标准国际化人才缺乏等问题,提出建立统一管理体系、深度参与国际标准化活动、争取国际标准化组织要职等10项标准国际化加强优化措施。     

欧洲标准下锚杆拉拔试验方法

结合阿尔及利亚东西高速公路M5标段锚杆挡土墙施工中锚杆试验实践,根据欧洲规范对锚杆吻合性试验和检验试验过程进行了详尽的叙述,对欧洲标准下锚杆拉拔试验工艺有指导意义。     

探析我国铁路货车焊缝性能评定标准的应用与拓展

介绍我国铁路货车现行的焊缝性能评定标准的执行情况,对比分析焊缝性能评定、焊缝缺陷质量等级和图样标注等方面与新的国家标准的差异,在建议尽快贯彻新的国家标准的同时,结合我国铁路货车设计制造的实际情况,提出可拓展的内容和举措。     

地铁柔性接触网线岔检调标准的制定与应用

根据以往运行经验,结合西安地铁2号线的实际情况,从支柱定位、线岔交叉点、始触区、接触线高度、线岔定位拉出值等方面,对柔性接触网线岔的检调标准进行深入研究、分析并加以明确。将所定标准实际应用在西安地铁渭河车辆段接触网的建设中,顺利通过了接触网的冷滑、热滑试验及实际运行的考验。同时,将所定部分标准与国铁普速接触网线岔检调标准进行对比,以供有关接触网生产和技术人员参考。     

The determinants of long distance travel in Great Britain

This study analyses of the determinants of long distance travel in Great Britain using data from the 1995-2006 National Travel Surveys (NTSs). The main objective is to determine the effects of socio-economic, demographic and geographic factors on long distance travel. The estimated models express the distance travelled for long distance journeys as a function of income, gender, age, employment status, household characteristics, area of residence, size of municipality, type of residence and length of time living in the area. A time trend is also included to capture common changes in long distance travel over time not included in the explanatory variables. Separate models are estimated for total travel, travel by each of four modes (car, rail, coach and air), travel by five purposes (business, commuting, leisure, holiday and visiting friends and relatives (VFRs)) and two journey lengths (<150 miles and 150+ miles one way), as well as the 35 mode-purpose-distance combinations.The results show that long distance travel is strongly related to income: air is most income-elastic, followed by rail, car and finally coach. This is the case for most journey purposes and distance bands. Notable is the substantial difference in income elasticities for rail for business/commuting as opposed to holiday/leisure/VFR. In addition, the income elasticity for coach travel is very low, and zero for the majority of purpose-distance bands, suggesting coach travel to be an inferior mode in comparison to car, rail and air. Regarding journey distance, we find that longer distance journeys are more income elastic than shorter journeys.For total long distance travel, the study indicates that women travel less than men, the elderly less than younger people, the employed and students more than others, those in one adult households more than those in larger households and those in households with children less than those without. Long distance travel is also lowest for individuals living in London and greatest for those in the South West, and increases as the size of the municipality declines.     

The symbolism of ‘eco cars’ across national cultures: Potential implications for policy formulation and transfer

Transport choices are not merely practical decisions but steeped in cultural and societal perceptions. Understanding these latent drivers of behaviour will allow countries to develop and import policies to more successfully promote sustainable transport. Transport symbolism – what people believe their ownership or use of a mode connotes to others about their societal position – has been shown to be one such, non-trivial, hidden motivator. In the case of hybrid and electric cars (‘eco cars’), studies have demonstrated how their symbolic value varies within a society among different social groups. As yet, however, there has been scant research into comparing how the symbolism of a mode varies across national cultures, horizontally, between individuals with similar socio-demographic characteristics. Through qualitative thematic analysis, this study utilises two of Hofstede’s cross-cultural indices – power differential and individualism versus collectivism – to develop and strengthen theory on how the differing symbolism of eco cars currently varies between four cultural clusters – Anglo, Nordic, Confucian and South Asian. It also deliberates how observed symbolic qualitative differences may influence an individual or group choice to procure eco cars. Finally, it discusses how policy development, transfer and marketing, within the context of eco cars, may need to be modified by national governments, in the Confucian and South Asian cultures, so as to encourage uptake and modal shift.